Essay about Human Embryo Research - 1019 Words

Late one night a woman is driving home on the freeway, she’s hit head on by a drunk driver and killed. The man is charged with two accounts of murder; the woman, and her four-week-old embryo inside her. By law, everyone human being is guaranteed rights of life; born or unborn they are equal. The same law should be enforced concerning human embryonic stem cell research. Dr. James A. Thomson discovered stem cells in 1998 and they’ve intrigued scientist ever since. The stem cells themselves are derived from a three to four day old cluster of cells called a blastocyst and they are so coveted because they are pluripotent, meaning they can differentiate into any type of cell in the human body. Although embryonic stem cells show amazing†¦show more content†¦Most importantly, taking a life in order to save on defeats all purposes of human ethics. Some stem cells have even been manually cultivated in a lab specifically to dismantle and acquire stem cells, an abhorren t abuse of human embryos. Using hESCs (human embryonic stem cells) is barbaric and cold-hearted; there is no need to destroy a life to save another. In fact, further research on embryonic stem cells is unnecessary because of the promising signs of adult stem cells. Particularly in their versatility; once thought to be omnipotent, continued studies have shown somatic, or adult, cells to be pluripotent. These are less controversial because they are extracted through tissue samples and not destruction of an embryo and are stored in every human’s body. These new findings are so encouraging that â€Å"human embryonic stem cells may soon be eclipsed by more readily available and less controversial adult stem cells† (Human Embryos 1 from British Medical Journal 1999). Also, there are several forms of adult stem cells namely; bone marrow, hematopoictic cells, umbilical cord, Buntrock 3 mesenchymal cells, and fetal bone marrow stem cells. Fetal bone marrow cells show the most potential and researchers at John Hopkins University believe that â€Å"adult stem cells may be used for treatments such as cancer, congestive heart failure, muscular dystrophies, spinal cord damage, etc† (C.B.H.D. 3). Adult stem cells are theShow MoreRelatedIn Opposition of Eugenics and Human Embryo Research660 Words   |  3 PagesIn Opposition of Eugenics and Human Embryo Research There are a variety of views of eugenics and all that it entails. The definition of eugenics is the science of improving the physical and mental qualities of human beings through control of the factors influencing heredity, ( Funk and Wagnalls, 1984). Others think eugenics is the social control of human genetic evolution, an ideology of racism and genocide, thought to improve society and halt disease while others think only of the NaziRead MoreKilling Human Embryos for Research Essay2715 Words   |  11 Pagespoint made by opponents of embryonic stem cell research for years: Once our consciences are numbed to the moral wrong of using so-called spare human embryos for research, our society will move on to even more egregious abuses. The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine in Virginia has announced that it is using donated eggs and sperm to create human embryos solely to destroy them for stem cell research.( S. Stolberg, Scientists Create Scores of Embryos to Harvest Cells, Th e New York Times, JulyRead MoreEssay about Alternatives to Human-embryo Stem-cell Research1145 Words   |  5 PagesAlternatives to Human-embryo Stem-cell Research      Ã‚   This essay counters the media and many scientists claims that there are no viable alternatives to human-embryo stem-cell research (ESCR).    The media restate the claim (made repeatedly in NIH documents) that adult stem cells do not have the same potential as embryonic stem cells, which in theory can form any tissue. But studies done with adult stem cells (studies which mirror the ones done with embryonic stem cells) show that adultRead MoreConfronting Deep Summary1517 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Confronting Deep Moral Disagreement: The President’s Council on Bioethics, Moral Status, and Human Embryos†. The American Journal of Bioethics, 5(6): 14–16. Nelson Meyer discusses coming to a compromise on the disposal of the extracorporeal human embryos (EHEs). One should not link the extracorporeal human embryos to the possibility of developing into a real human. As long as the human embryo is outside of the human body, it does not have the potential to develop into a child. Religion can affect aRead MoreStem Cells And The Human Body1421 Words   |  6 Pages Stem Cells Raven Carr Governor State University Stem Cells The human body is full of hundreds of special types of cells that are essential for ones every day health. These special cells are accountable for keeping our bodies going daily for instance making our brains think, hearts beat and, restoring our skin cells as they shed off. Stem cells are the provider for the development of new cells. â€Å"Stem cells have the amazing potential to expand into many different cell types in the body during earlyRead MoreIs Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer?1193 Words   |  5 PagesSCNT could increase the supply of embryos and â€Å"decrease respect or awe before them.† (Holland 46); embryos created by SCNT are not genetically unique with the acknowledge that genetic uniqueness is one of the â€Å"valued properties of embryos crated by IVF.† (Holland 47); imperfectness of cloning technique with a human somatic cell; SCNT does not produce a pure clone so that immune rejection will not be fully eliminated. IVF is â€Å"the crucial first step in transforming human procreation in radically new waysRead More Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pages Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the public’s perspective. This case study is based on facts and concernsRead MoreThe Controversial Topic Of Stem Cell Research Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesStem Cell Research is still the most controversial topic in science today. The idea behind the experiment involves the development, use, and destruction of human embryos. The research method mainly focuses on embryonic stem cells, which involves taking tissue from an aborted embryo to get a better look at the cell and obtain information for the fundamental properties of the cells. Embryonic stem cells play a major role in the research because the cell provides information for cell development toRead MoreThe Ethics Of Embryonic Stem Cells1201 Words   |  5 Pages Problem The society is not at an agreeable point when it comes to the research of stem cells obtained from human embryos. The disagreement narrows down to a clash between the two fundamental principles of ethics: The duty to prevent and alleviate suffering, and the duty to respect the value of human life. In most situations, both principles can be satisfied. However, in the research of embryonic stem cells, it might not be inherently possible. Generally, the clash between the two principles isRead MoreGenetic Engineering Is Ethically Justified824 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Genetic engineering is ethically justified.† Discuss [10] Since the development of genetic engineering in the 1970s, scholars have questioned its ethical justification, claiming that it was playing God’ and was unnatural. Others claimed that humans have always altered their environment to benefit themselves. An example is that of genetically modified crops which some people believe can be justified for a number of reasons. The food has better taste and quality and a greater resistance to pests

Preventing Central Line Blood Infections Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

National Patient Safety Goals ( NPSG ) were introduced in 2002 in order to assist turn to some of the issues that were responsible for doing a bulk of the state of affairss that were responsible for making patient safety issues. These ends were implemented in order to set concentrate on what were deemed to be the most preventable of these issues. One of these ends is the bar of cardinal line-associated blood watercourse infections ( Lyles, Fanikos, A ; Jewell, 2009 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Preventing Central Line Blood Infections Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Literature Review Central venous catheters ( CVC ) are indispensable in the attention of critically sick patients. While widely utilized the usage of CVC is non without hazard. Catheter-associated blood stream infections ( CA-BSI ) are common healthcare-associated infections in intensive attention unit ( ICU ) patients and have been estimated to happen in 3 % -7 % of all patients with CVC ( Warren, et al. , 2006 ) . It is good documented that intravascular catheter related complications are associated with widening hospital length of stay, increasing direct costs and increasing ICU mortality. Clinicians insert about 7 million cardinal venous entree devices ( CVAD ) yearly in the United States, and of these, 1 in 20 is associated with a CA-BSI, despite the usage of the best available sterile techniques during catheter interpolation and care. Overall, an estimated 250,000 CVAD-related CA-BSI occur yearly, with an attributed mortality of 12.5 % to 25 % per happening. The national cost of handling CA-BSI peers $ 25,000 per infection, severally, or $ 296 million to $ 2.3 billion in entire. While the figure of CA-BSI has remained comparatively steady, vascular entree device usage has drastically increased, particularly in nonhospital scenes ( Rosenthal, 2006 ) . A huge sum of research is directed toward cut downing these complications in an attempt to better patient outcomes. A reappraisal of the literature provides an overview of current recommendations refering intravascular catheter attention and research sing the usage of instruction plans to advance recommended pattern. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) published the Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections in 2002, which is the benchmark for all intravascular catheter attention recommendations. The guidelines for CVC suggest the replacing of dressings every 7 yearss or when soiled or loosened, endovenous tube alterations every 72 hours, and the replacing of tubing used to administrate blood merchandises and lipid emulsions within 24 hours of extract induction ( East A ; Jacoby, 2005 ) . Harmonizing to the CDC, about 53 % of grownup patients in intensive attention units have a cardinal venous catheter on any given twenty-four hours ( Rupp, et al. , 2005 ) . Skin cleaning of the interpolation site is regarded as one of the most of import steps for forestalling catheter-related infection. Historically, povidone-iodine is an antiseptic that has been used during the interpolation and care of the intravascular devices. It works by perforating the cell wall of the micro-organism. More late, chlorhexidine has been studied and found to be more effectual as a skin antiseptic to forestall catheter-related infection. It works in less clip, retains its antibacterial consequence against vegetation thirster, is non inactivated by the presence of blood or human protein, and causes minimum skin annoyance. Chlorhexidine works by interrupting the microbial cell wall. It is active against many Gram-positive and to a somewhat lesser degree Gram-negative bacteria ( Astle A ; Jensen, 2005 ) . A multistep procedure is recommended to forestall CA-BSI that includes: educating staff, utilizing maximum barrier safeguards ( e.g. a unfertile gown and baseball mitts, mask, cap, and big unfertile curtain ) , executing infection surveillance, and replacing occlusive dressing every 7 yearss or when needed ( Buttes, Lattus, Stout, A ; Thomas, 2006 ) . Other strongly recommended patterns include proper manus hygiene by all staff using the CVC and turning away of everyday catheter alterations. Catheters impregnated with antimicrobic agents are recommended when infection rates are high or when catheters will stay in topographic point for a considerable clip ( Krein, et al. , 2007 ) . Education of staff on the proper attention of CVC is paramount in cut downing the sum of CA-BSI. This is possibly one of the most cost-efficient methods of cut downing CA-BSI ( Ramritu, Halton, Cook, Whitby, A ; Graves, 2007 ) . Execution A staff instruction plan was initiated for the nursing forces that chiefly deal with CVC. This instruction plan was aimed at developing the ICU and step-down unitaa‚Â ¬a„?s nursing staff proper attention and care of the CVC. Education focused on proper attention of the CVC, including when dressing alterations should be performed e.g. every 7 yearss or when the dressing is soiled. Nurses were besides trained in how to suitably help with CVC arrangement and the certification tool that infection control utilizes to measure attachment to interpolation guidelines. Posters were besides placed in the nurseaa‚Â ¬a„?s interruption and conference countries that had educational stuff related to proper attention of CVC. Documentation was besides placed in the physicianaa‚Â ¬a„?s lounges that bucked up use of maximum barrier safeguards during CVC interpolation. The installation that was observed presently utilizes a few different agencies of measuring with respects to CA-BSI. First, a checklist is utilised during CVC interpolation that evaluates attachment to interpolation guidelines by the staff. This checklist is sent to infection control and entered into a database which is correlated with patient informations sing CA-BSI. Second, in patients that are identified as holding a CA-BSI, after catheter remotion, laboratory microbiological surveies of the catheter, blood, and interpolation site swabs are performed to place causality of the infection. Execution Compared to Literature Suggestions Practices that cut down the hazard of CA-BSI include the undermentioned: ( 1 ) usage of maximum barrier safeguards during CVC interpolation ( i.e. , a surgical mask, unfertile gown, unfertile baseball mitts, and big unfertile curtains ) , ( 2 ) arrangement of the catheter in the subclavian vena instead than the internal jugular or femoral vena, ( 3 ) altering catheters merely when necessary, and ( 4 ) altering dressings on CVC issue sites when they become nonocclusive, soiled, or bloody. These patterns have been incorporated into national guidelines. Presently, the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee ( HICPAC ) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) recommends that infirmaries implement comprehensive educational plans that teach proper CVC interpolation and care techniques ( Warren, et al. , 2006 ) . These patterns are largely in line with what is implemented at the ascertained installation. One difference, which is non in line with these reco mmendations, is that the ascertained installation has a high figure of internal jugular interpolations compared with the figure of subclavian vena interpolations. When asked about this, many of the doctors stated that entree was easier to place utilizing ultrasound during interpolation and they preferred this method over subclavian interpolation. Recommended Changes First, execution of an instruction plan for suppliers that is focused on infection control, particularly the recommendation of using the subclavian vena interpolation for CVC arrangement as a first pick in patients that have no contraindications to this arrangement. Second, securing the second-generation antiseptic catheter, coated with chlorhexidine and Ag sulfadiazine on the internal and external surfaces, to more efficaciously prevent microbic colonisation in patients that are identified as being at hazard. Decreased bacterial colonisation, a critical measure in the pathogenesis of catheter-associated infection, may correlate with bar of catheter-related bacteriemia ( Rupp, et al. , 2005 ) . Third, instruction and preparation demands to be expanded to any nurses that may be responsible for caring for a patient with a CVC. These countries include non-critical attention countries such as paediatric and medical floors. Larger Numberss of patients with CVC are now found in non-ICUs th an in ICUs and that CA-BSI rates in those scenes are higher. Catheter types and interpolation sites vary greatly among scenes. For illustration, jugular and femoral interpolation sites are common in ICUs ; subclavian and peripheral sites are more common elsewhere. So schemes for cut downing CA-BSI must be tailored to the scene ( Hadaway, 2006 ) . How to cite Preventing Central Line Blood Infections Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Civil War Dbq free essay sample

What policy toward the continuation of slavery does Lincoln support? As long as we do not allow slavery to expand it will eventually die out. The founding fathers of our nation first established the policy and Lincoln is just trying to bring it back. 1b. Why does Lincoln support that policy? President Lincoln supports the policy because he eventually wamts slavery to die out. He realizes that it will not go away if he just makes it illegal over night so he wants to limit the spread into new territories. a. Who does the author of this editorial blame for the tensions between the North and the South? How is this opinion supported? The New Orleans editorial blames the tensions on the North and Abraham Lincoln. They believe that the South was just fine before the North stepped in and created conflict, it almost gives it a feel like the north is a bully. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil War Dbq or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2b. What consequences does the author believe that Lincolns election will have for the southern states? They think that it is the defeat of the South and will completely ruin the social, political, and industrial institutions of the South. 3a. What do the two main figures in the cartoon represent? Columbia represents the Government and the thin man choking is the rebels breaking the rules of the Constitution. 3b. What is the primary message of the cartoon? The government has power over the rebels, and will take action against them. 4a. According to this letter, what did Lee decide to do? Lee resigns from the Army, he thinks it is too much for him to handle at this time. b. How do Lee’s words contrast with the image of southerners as depicted in the cartoon from Document 3? In Document 3 the rebels of the south were at least trying to fight back but Lee is just giving up and resigning while the confederates need him it is a rather selfish act.. 5a. What does the person in the tree represent? The person in the tree represents the slave supporters of the South that will not agree w ith Lincoln and his views on slavery. 5b. What does the artist suggest is going to happen. If the South does not cooperate then conflict will arise between the two halves. 6a. How did the Union soldiers respond to the Emancipation Proclamation? One man says slavery should be abolished and will cause peace in the future. While the other man states that Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation will be a negative effect to the union. 6b. How did Confederate soldiers respond to the Emancipation Proclamation? They think that the proclamation will produce dissensions and hurt the north and by this will help the confederates. a. According to this textbook excerpt, how could the Civil War could have been avoided? If the southern states did not secede, and if Lincoln did not decide to over react then the Civil War could have been avoided. Therefore, thousands of lives would have been saved. 7b. What do you think students studying the textbook believed about the Civil War? I believe the students would think that the Civil War was a conflict that never should have happened and the leaders of the country back then could have prevented it. a. What do you think happened in Atlanta before this picture was taken? I think a battle of the Civil War occurred here causing mass destruction of a developing city. Most likely taking lives of innocent citizens. 8b. How does this photo symbolize what was happening to the Confederacy in September 1864? Everyone in Atlanta Citizen or part of the Military was under attack. Sherman had his army destroying every building they could try to show the Unions power over the Confederates